Tlhaloso ea API 5L X70 Welded Line Pipe

API 5L line line liphaephe li koahela mefuta e mengata ea matla;X70e lula sehlopheng se ka holimo moo baqapi ba ntseng ba ka fumana mekhoa e sebetsang ea ho cheseletsa masimong. Litsela tse ngata tse telele- tsa khase le lipeipi tsa ho romela thepa li fetela ho X70 haholo-holo hoseha lebota botenya le tšepe tonnagentle le ho fokotsa khatello ea moralo. Motsoako oo oa matla a holimo le ho cheseha ho laolehang ho hlalosa lebaka leo X70 e atisang ho nkela X60/X65 sebaka sa litsela tse ncha, tse phahameng-.

• Khatello e phahameng ea ts'ebetso bakeng sa -ea phetiso ea khase sebaka se selelele
• Boima bo tlase ba lipeipi mobung o bonolo kapa sebakeng se thata
• Litsela tsa ho romela kantle tse hokahantsoeng le nts'etsopele ea kantle ho naha moo bolelele ba tsela bo phahamisang litšenyehelo tsa tšepe
• Ho roala kapa ho phahamisa liphaseje tse teng ha u ntse u boloka botenya ba lebota ka har'a meeli e ka hahang

Hang ha projeke e notletsoe ka X70, litlhaloso tsa thepa hangata lia hlalosaBoemo ba PSL, sebopeho sa sehlahisoa se cheselitsoeng le mohopolo oa ho roalahammoho, ebe o eketsa NDT, litokomane le litlhoko tsa kaho ho potoloha khetho eo ea mantlha.

Tokomane ea litšupiso bakeng saAPI 5L X70 weld line pipeke tekanyetso ea API 5L, e tsamaellanang le ISO 3183. Litlhaloso tsa morero hangata li hloka hore ho be le e 'ngoe ea metsoako ena:

• X70 PSL1– welded line pipe bakeng sa tšebeletso ea phetiso e akaretsang
• X70 PSL2- peipi ea mela e cheselitsoeng e nang le meeli e thata ea sebopeho, litekanyetso tsa ho tiea le ho lateloa

API 5L e fana ka lihlahisoa tse se nang moroallo le tse cheselitsoeng, empa{1}}seseteme e telele, e kholo{2}}e itšetlehile haholo kaX70 e cheselitsoeng. Bakeng sa phala e cheselitsoeng ea PSL2, litokomane tsa projeke hangata li re:

• Boemo ba thomello (TMCP kapa Q+T, ho ipapisitse le tsela ea poleiti/khola)
• Mocheso o hlokahalang oa Charpy le matla a monyang
• Sebaka sa NDT le makhetlo a mangata bakeng sa seam ea weld le 'mele oa phala
• Melao ea ho latella ho tloha mocheso oa tšepe ho ea ho phala e phethiloeng, ho kenyelletsa le liphetho tsa liteko le litlaleho tsa ho roala

Mekhoa ea Mill le tlhahlobo le merero ea liteko (ITPs) ebe e fetolela litlhoko tsena ho mehato ea tlhahiso le meralo ea sampole.

Tšobotsi ea tšobotsi ea X70 ke eonamatla a fokolang a tlhahiso (SMYS)ea70,000 psi (≈ 485 MPa)tlasa API 5L. Boemo bona bo phahameng ba lihlahisoa ke bona bo lumellang baqapi ho fokotsa botenya ba lebota ha ba bapisoa le X60/X65 ka khatello e tšoanang ea moralo.

Letlapa la 1 - Thepa e tloaelehileng ea bonyane ba mochini (tšupiso):

Lintlha tse phahameng- tsa moralo oa matla:

• SMYS e phahameng e nolofalletsa marako a manyenyane ka khatello e fanoeng ka hare, empa lihlopha tsa meralo li ela hloko ka ho fetisisa ho ovality, buckling ea lehae le meroalo e ka ntle, haholo-holo bakeng sa tšebeletso e patiloeng le e ka thōko ho leoatle.
• SMTS e kopantsoe le lipalo tsa taolo ea ho robeha ha sekhahla ho lekola boitšoaro ba ho ts'oaroa ha crack, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa mehalang e melelele ea-ea khase.
• Bolelele bo tlameha ho lula bo lekane bakeng sa ho kobeha, ho thaepa -ka hare le ho sisinyeha ha fatše; merero e mengata e tšoaneleha ho bends le girth welds ho moemeli X70 pipe pele ho tjheseletsa tlhahiso e feletseng e qala.

Hangata merero ea PSL2 X70 e bolelaLitlhahlobo tsa Charpy V-notch impactka mocheso o hlalosoang. Hangata lithapo tse boima tsa- tsa lebota le khase lia eketsaDWTT (theoha-liteko tsa boima ba 'mele)ho tshehetsa taolo ya phatlalatso ya maqhetso.

Tsela ea tlhahiso e bapala karolo e kholo tseleng eo X70 e sebetsang ka eona hang ha e kentsoe. Ka har'a merero e mengata e meholo-,{3}}ea khatello e phahameng ea khase le oli,LSAW (SAWL) e nkoa e le khetho ea mantlha, ha ERW/HFW le SSAW li sebelisoa moo matla a tsona a bophara le botenya a lumellanang le enfelopo ea moralo.

1 LSAW / SAWL – Tsela e ka Sehloohong bakeng sa-Mehala ea Matla

LSAW X70 pipe e hlahisoa ho tlohasephara se sepharae entsoeng ka mekhoa ea UOE kapa JCO le ho chesetsoa ho sebelisoatjheseletsa e ka tlas'a metsi e habeli-ka mahlakoreng a mabeli. Motsoako ona oa tšehetsabophara bo boholo le mabota a boima, hantle feela mefuta e hlokahalang bakeng sa mehala e melelele ea khase le likhoele tsa thomello kantle ho naha tse tsamaeang ka khatello e phahameng. Mekhahlelo ea ho etsa le ho tjheseletsa e behilwe e le hore matla a poleiti, matla a weld le boima ba HAZ kaofela di fihlelle ditlhoko tsa X70 ho potoloha sedikadikwe se felletseng.

Likarolo tse ikhethileng tsa LSAW X70 li kenyelletsa:

• Ka botlalo-bolelele ba UT bakeng sa seam se tjheseletsang le mmele wa pipe, le RT dibakeng tse itseng moo ho hlokehang
• Khatello-kalafo ea ho imolla mocheso libakeng tse teteaneng-ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo le ho ntlafatsa taolo ea maemo
• Mamello e matla ka ntle{{0}ka{1}}ho pota-pota le ho otloloha ho ts'ehetsa ho kobeha le ho kenya offshore
• Libaka tsa lisampole tse hlalosoang ka tšepe ea motheo, HAZ le tšepe ea weld bakeng sa liteko tsa tsitsipano le tšusumetso

Motsoako ona oamatla a holimo,{0}}bokhoni ba botenya le botenya ba lebotae hlalosa hore na hobaneng LSAW hangata e le tsela ea pele ea tlhahiso e hlahlojoang ha projeke e totobatsa X70 bakeng sa li-trunkline tse ncha.

2 ERW / HFW le SSAW - Litsela tse Tlatsetsang

LSAW ha e koahele bophara bo bong le bo bong-motsoako oa botenya.ERW/HFW le SSAWtlatsa likheo le ho tšehetsa likopo tsa libaka:

ERW / HFW X70

• E hlahisitsoe ho tloha ho hot{{0}coil e phuthoang, e petsotsoeng le ho etsoa pele{1}}khafetsa e cheseletsa seam ea longitudinal.
• E sebelisoa haholo-holo ho li-diameter tse nyane le tse mahareng tse nang le botenya ba lebota bo itekanetseng{0}ka litsamaiso tsa mobu, li-loops le liphaephe tsa seteishene.
• Boleng ba seam weld bo beiloe leihlo ke NDT ea inthaneteng (UT/EC); Litlhaloso tsa PSL2 li ka bitsa PWHT ea lehae ho weld le HAZ.

SSAW / SAWH X70

• E entsoe ka khoele e entsoeng ka lehlakoreng la helical e nang le li-welds tse ka hare le ka ntle tse kentsoeng ka metsing.
• E fana ka tšebeliso e ntle ea thepa ka bophara bo boholo moo li-spiral seams li amohelehang ho khoutu ea moralo le tlhaloso ea morero.
• Ka tloaelo e tlisoa ka-bolelele bo felletseng ba UT ea spiral weld, hammoho le RT moo projeke e hlokang tiisetso e eketsehileng.

Litsela tsohle li lokisoa e le horeweld le HAZ thepa ha e fokotsehe ho feta thepa ea motsoali ea X70, ntlha ea bohlokoa ha kereiti e sebelisoa maemong a phahameng a khatello ea maikutlo.

3 UOE le JCOE Ho theha Pipe ea X70 LSAW

Mokhoa oa ho etsa lipolanete o na le tšusumetso e tobileng ho taolo ea ovality, kabo e setseng ea khatello ea maikutlo le botsitso ba sebopeho ka kakaretso. Bakeng sa X70 LSAW, ka bobeliUOEleJCOEmela e sebelisoa haholo, 'me ka linako tse ling lihlopha tsa merero li botsa hore na li bapisoa joang le pono ea boenjiniere.

Letlapa la 2 - Papiso ea UOE vs. JCOE ho etsa pipe ea mohala ea X70 LSAW:

Khetho pakeng tsa UOE le JCOE hangata e itšetlehile haholo ka tlhophiso ea leloala le motsoako oa projeke ho feta liphapang tsa mantlha tsa ts'ebetso. Hang ha ho etsoa, ​​ho tjheseletsa le ho atoloswa ho tshwaneleha ho latela ditlhoko tsa X70, litsela tseo ka bobeli li ka fana ka-matla, a tlase{3}}'mele oa liphaephe tse phahameng{3} tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebeletso e batloang ke trunkline.

X70 e mathela haufi le pheletso e kaholimo ea khatello e tloaelehileng ea liphaephe, ka honamoralo oa lik'hemik'halelokela ho fana ka matla le toughness ntle koala tima weldability. Boemo ba Carbon equivalent (CE) le maemo a microalloying ka hona a hlalosoa ka har'a lihlopha tse moqotetsane.

Letlapa la 3 - Mekhahlelo e bonts'ang ea sebopeho sa API 5L X70 e cheselitsoeng (PSL2, referense):

Litlhoko tse tloaelehileng tsa PSL2 bakeng sa phala e cheselitsoeng ea X70 li kenyelletsa:

• Meeli e holimo bakeng sa CEIIW le/kapa PCM ho boloka litlhokahalo tsa preheat le interpass ka har'a mefuta e sebetsang
• Meeli ho kakaretso ea Nb+V+Ti le ho likahare tsa microalloy ka bomong
• Litaolo tsa boikhethelo ho Cu, Ni, Cr le Mo ho tsamaisana le mekhoa e mahareng le ea welding
• Maemo a mang a thata le a thata ho-karolo e boima ea mabota kapa litsela tse tlase tsa mocheso-

Taolo e joalo e ba ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha hahodimo{{0}matla X70e kopantsoe le maemo a leholimo a batang, lintlha tse phahameng tsa moralo kapa kopanyo ea kantle ho naha.

Welded X70 e ka fanoa ka enfelopo e pharaletseng ea boholo. Bokhoni ba mochini o beha meeli e felletseng, empa likhetho tse tloaelehileng tsa projeke li oela ka har'a mekhahlelo e ka tlase.

Letlapa la 4 - Lethathamo le tloaelehileng la lipeipi tsa mela ea X70 e cheselitsoeng (e bontšang):

Baqapi balithapo tsa khase tse phahameng-ka holim'a leoatlehangata li kopanya li-diameter tse kholo tse nang le botenya ba lebota bo leka-lekaneng ho leka-lekanya bokhoni le tlhahiso ea welding. X70 e sebelisitsoeng hokantle ho naha kapa melapo e oelang fatšehangata e na le marako a teteaneng ho hanela khatello ea kantle, ho kobeha le meroalo ea ho kenya, hammoho le meeli e thata ea ovality le mefokolo ea sebaka sa geometri.

Sistimi ea ho roala-joalo kaFBE, 3LPE, 3LPP le ho roala boima ba konkreite-e hlakisitsoe ho rarolla kotsi ea kutu,{1}}botsitseng le ho sebetsa ha mocheso tseleng.

X70 e sebetsa ka khatello e phahameng ho feta limaraka tse tlase, kahoo tlhahlobo le liteko li na le botlalo. Sekema sa moemeli oa phala e cheselitsoeng ea X70 e ka akaretsoa ka tsela e latelang:

Letlapa la 5 - Mohlala oa tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea matrix bakeng sa welded API 5L X70:

Hangata lihlopha tsa kaho li lebisa tlhokomelo e eketsehileng hoLitšoaneleho tsa ts'ebetso ea welding (WPS/PQR)ha o sebetsa le X70. Lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa ho tsepamisa maikutlo li kenyelletsa:

• Mocheso o kenang le meeli ea mocheso oa interpass
• Matla a tšepe ea weld a bapisang kapa a fetelletsang hanyenyane vs. X70 tšepe ea motheo
• Netefatso ea boima le HAZ, haholo bakeng sa welding e entsoeng ka mochini
• Taolo ea ho se lumellane, matlafatso ea weld le khatello e setseng ho girth welds

{{0}mekhoa e koetlisitsoeng hantle le basebetsi ba koetlisitsoeng ba lumella X70 hore e kenngoe ka litheko tsa mantlha tsa tlhahiso ha e ntse e fihlela litlhoko tse thata tsa boleng.

Hangata beng ba liphaephe ba thathamisaAPI 5L X70 weld line pipeha sehlopha se le seng se tlameha ho kopanya khatello e phahameng ea moralo, tsela e telele le botenya ba lebota bo laolehang. Maemo a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa mehala e mecha ea khase ho pholletsa le libaka tse hole, melapo ea ho romelloa kantle ho naha le e oelang fatše e tlamelletsoeng masimong a kantle ho naha, le li-loops tse nchafalitsoeng kapa likarolo tse ncha liphasejeng tse teng moo matla le methapo ea matla li hlokang ho eketseha ntle le boima bo feteletseng ba liphaephe.

Octal Pipe e ts'ehetsa merero ena ka X70 e cheselitsoeng ho API 5L PSL1 le PSL2 ka liforomo tsa ERW/HFW, LSAW le SSAW, bophara bo lekanang, botenya ba lebota, sistimi ea ho roala le bophara ba tlhahlobo ho latela lintlha tsa projeke. Bopaki ba batho ba boraro- ka BV, DNV, SGS kapa mekhatlo e meng e khethiloeng e ka hlophisoa e le hore lirekoto tsa thepa tse matla tsa X70 li hokahane ka mokhoa o hloekileng ho moralo oa lipeipi le moralo oa QA/QC.

LBH

 

 

01.Ke phapang efe pakeng tsa API 5L X70 PSL1 le PSL2 bakeng sa peipi ea welded line?

A1:PSL2 e thata ho feta taolong ea k'hemistri le tlhahlobo / kamohelo, 'me hangata e hlalosoa bakeng sa merero ea bohlokoa ea lipeipi.

02.Nka khetha joang ERW vs LSAW vs SSAW bakeng sa API 5L X70 weld line pipe?

A2:Khetha ho latela botenya bo hlokehang ba OD/ lebota, lintlha tsa projeke, le litlhoko tsa weld/NDT-LSAW/SSAW li tloaelehile bakeng sa lidiameter tse kholoanyane, ERW bakeng sa boholo bo nyane ho isa bohareng.

03.Ke kopa eng ho netefatsa boleng ba phala ea API 5L X70 pele ke reka?

A3:Kopa MTC/traceability, boemo bo hlokehang ba PSL, boleng bo lekanang le k'habone, liphetho tsa NDT, hydrotest, le projeke efe kapa efe-e hlakisitsoeng ea litšusumetso/teko ea ho robeha