Profaele ea Sehlahisoa
ASTM A335 Gr. P9 ke phala ea tšepe e sa tsitsang ea ferritic alloy e etselitsoengtšebeletso e tsoelang pele mochesong o phahameng le khatello. Ka hoo e ka bang9% chromium le 1% molybdenum, e lutse lelapeng la 9Cr-1Mo le sebelisoang haholo ho hlahisa matla, li-heaters tsa petrochemical, li-reformers, le melapo ea ho chesa.
HoPipe ea Octal, lipeipi tsa P9 li fanoa ka hareboemo bo tlwaelehileng le bo ntlafetseng, e lekoa ka botlalo, 'me e ka bonoa mochesong, e loketseng liboiler, li-header, li-superheaters, lithapo tsa mouoane le liphaephe tse phahameng-moo litšepe tsa khabone le tse tlase{1}}li-Cr alloys li ke keng tsa khona ho boloka oxidation kapa ho thella ha metsi.
Thepa ea Motheo le Metallurgy
Ho fapana le tšepe e tloaelehileng ea k'habone, P9 e etselitsoe ho boloka matla le bots'epehi ba bokaholimo kamoralihora tse liketeka mocheso o phahameng oa tšepe.
- Chromium (~9%)e bopa e kopana, e khomarelangfilimi ea Cr₂O₃ka holim'a metsi, sekala se liehang le ho oksijene moeeng o chesang kapa{0}}mohatsela oa khase.
- Molybdenum (~1%)e matlafatsa matrix a ferritic mme e liehisa deformation ea creep ka ho sitisa motsamao oa ho kheloha.
- Kamoranormalizing + tempering, tšepe e bontša asebopeho sa ferrite-carbidee nang le meeli e tsitsitseng ea lijo-thollo le li-carbides tse laoloang (haholo-holo M₂₃C₆ / M₆C) haufi le meeli - sena ke sona se bolokang ho phunyeha{1}} matla a ho phunyeha le ho qoba ho senyeha ha lijo-thollo nakong ea nako e telele.
Kahoo, litšebeletsong tsa mocheso o phahameng-(likhoele tsa mocheso o phahameng, likhoele tsa phetiso ea reformer), P9 e lula e tsitsitse nako e telele ho feta li-alloys tsa mofuta oa P5/P11.
Litlhoko tsa Lik'hemik'hale le Mechini
Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale (sebopeho se tloaelehileng)
| Element | Litaba, % | Karolo |
|---|---|---|
| Chromium (Cr) | 8.0 – 10.0 | Oxidation / scaling resistance,{0}}botsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.90 – 1.10 | Matla a ho hahaba le ho phunyeha |
| Khabone (C) | Ka tlase ho kapa ho lekana le 0.15 | E fetola boima le ho tsitsipana |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.30 – 0.60 | Mosebetsi o chesang |
| Silicon (Si) | Ka tlase ho kapa ho lekana le 1.00 | E tšehetsa khanyetso ea oxidation |
| Phosphorus (P), Sebabole (S) | Ka tlase ho kapa ho lekana le 0.025 | Boloka ductility le toughness |
Mechanical Properties (ASTM A335 P9)
- Matla a tšepe:E kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le 415 MPa
- Matla a tlhahiso:E kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le 205 MPa
- Elongation:E kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le 30%
- Ho thatafala:Ka tlase ho kapa ho lekana le 163 HBW
Litekanyetso tsena ke tsa maemo a tloahelehileng-le{1}}a ntlafalang 'me a reretsoe ho fana ka motsoako o lekaneng bakeng sa khatello le moralo oa mocheso.
Mokhoa oa Tlhahiso le Phekolo ea Mocheso
Ho etsa bonnete ba hore 9Cr-1Mo khemistri e fela e fetoha-mocheso o monyane o hlokahalang, Octal Pipe e sebelisa tsela e laoloang ea liphaephe:
- Billet le ho phunya
Clean Cr-Mo billets a futhumatsoa ho isa mochesong o nepahetseng oa ho phunya (hoo e ka bang likhato tse 1100–1150), ebe lia phunngoa/a lelelele ho etsa mekoti e nang le phallo e tšoanang ea lijo-thollo.
- Ho bilika ho chesang / ho toloka ho batang
Botenya ba marako bo tlisoa kemisong e laetsoeng (SCH 10 - SCH 160). Ho tloaeleha ha lipakeng ho ka sebelisoa ha ho fokotseha ho matla kapa ho mamellana ho haufi ho ameha.
- Tloaelehileng (hoo e ka bang{0}-950 likhato)
E ntlafatsa li-ferrite, e qhibilihisa-li-carbide tse sa tšoaneng, 'me e tlosa khatello ea kelello ho thehoa.
- Ho futhumatsa (hoo e ka bang{0}-760 likhato)
E khutlisetsa ductility le linotlolo kabong e lakatsehang ea carbide e le hore thepa ea ho phatloha e tsamaisana le litlhoko tsa ASTM.
- Taolo ea boleng
- Ultrasonic / eddy-NDT ea hajoale 'meleng oa liphaephe le lipheletsong
- Teko ea Hydrostatic
- Ho thatafala le ho etsa sampole ea mochini ka beche
- EN 10204 3.1/3.2 certification for traceability
Sephetho ke peipi e nang le li-carbide tse ntle, tse phatlalalitsoeng ka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng le "ferritic matrix" e tsitsitseng - sebopeho seo u se batlang bakeng sa ts'ebeletso ea nako e telele{1}}e chesang.
Dimensional Supply Range
| Paramethara | Phepelo e Tloaelehileng |
|---|---|
| Kantle Diameter | ½″ – 24″ (12.7 – 610 mm) |
| Botenya ba Lerako | SCH 10 – SCH 160 (ho kenyeletsoa le WT e khethehileng) |
| Bolelele | Ho fihla ho 12 m, SRL / DRL / khaola-ho{2}}bolelele |
| E qetella | Beveled bakeng sa welding, kapa thota |
| Mamello | OD ± 1%, WT ± 10% (kapa ho latela taelo) |
Ho ka buisanoa ka bolelele bo khethehileng le mamello e matla bakeng sa merero ea boiler/HRSG.
{0}Boitšoaro ba Tšebeletso ea Mocheso o Phahameng
Ha mocheso oa tšepe o phahama ho ea600-700 likhato, P9 e boloka lintho tse peli tseo limaraka tse tlase li qalang ho lahleheloa ke tsona:
- Botšepehi ba bokaholimo- Filimi ea Cr-rich oxide e liehisa khōlo 'me e fokotsa ho phatloha ha oxide, kahoo ho silafatsoa ha li-tube le ho tšesa lebota ho lieha.
- Creep botsitso- ka Mo tharollong le li-carbides tse laoloang, motsoako o ka fihla ho matla a ho phatloha ka tatellano e hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebeletso ea 10⁴ h hoo e ka bang likhato tse 600.
Ke ka lebaka leo P9 e hlalosoang khafetsa bakeng sa:
- Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase:li-tubes tsa superheater le reheater, lihlooho tsa mouoane, lithapo tse kholo tsa mouoane
- Lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa / tsa petrochemical:li-tubes tsa reformer, likhoele tsa ho fetisa, -lipeipi tsa khase tse chesang
- Limela tse{0}tse phahameng tsa mocheso:li-heaters tsa mocheso, mefuta e mengata, melapo ea phepelo ea li-reactor
- Likarolo tsa mocheso oa oli le khase:ente ea mouoane, lithapo tsa hydrogen{0} tse sebetsang tlas'a maemo a chesang le a cyclic
Ha ho bapisoa le P5/P11, P9 e fanataolo e betere ea oxidation le ho fokotsa butle ha microstructural coarsening, eo hangata e fetolelang linako tse telele tsa tlhahlobo.
Octal Pipe Supply & Documentation
- Tlhahiso ea hoASTM A335 / ASME SA-335le litlhoko tse amanang le ISO/EN
- Delivery ine tloahelehileng le ho halefaboemo
- Mechini, NDT, hydrostaticlitlaleho tsa teko bakeng sa sehlopha se seng le se seng
- 3.1 / 3.2 setifikeitifumaneha
- Ho paka ho loketse ho romelloa kantle ho naha le ho{0}}palangoang ea sebaka se selelele
- Projeke-Tshehetso ea boemo ba QA/QC bakeng sa likonteraka tsa motlakase, tsa ho hloekisa le tsa lik'hemik'hale
LBH
Q1: Phaephe ea ASTM A335 P9 (ASME SA335 P9) e sebelisetsoa eng?
Q2: "9Cr-1Mo" e bolela eng bakeng sa pipe ea P9?
Q3: P9 e fapane joang le P22 kapa P91?
Q4: Ke boemo bofe ba kalafo- bo hlalosoang bakeng sa phaephe e se nang seamless ea A335 P9?
Q5: Ke kopa eng ho netefatsa boleng ba pipe ea P9 pele ke reka?
Setifikeiti
Setifikeiti sa CE
Setifikeiti sa ISO 9001
Setifikeiti sa API Q1
Setifikeiti sa ABS
Setifikeiti sa AP-5L
Setifikeiti sa API-5CT
